Patterns

zMenu has three types of patterns, each solving a different reuse problem:

Type	Folder	Purpose	Referenced via
Inventory Pattern	patterns/	Reusable decoration / layout buttons shared across inventories	patterns: ["name"] on the inventory
Button Pattern	patterns/	Reusable single-button template with variable substitution	pattern: section inside an item
Action Pattern	actions_patterns/	Default actions applied to every button in an inventory	action-patterns: ["name"] on the inventory

The first two live in the same folder but are distinguished by the type key in the file.

File Locations

plugins/zMenu/
├── patterns/               # Inventory patterns and button patterns
│   ├── my_decoration.yml   # type: INVENTORY (default)
│   └── my_button.yml       # type: BUTTON
└── actions_patterns/       # Action patterns
    └── default-actions.yml

Subfolders are supported - patterns/borders/simple.yml works.

---

Inventory Patterns

An inventory pattern defines a set of buttons (decorations, navigation, etc.) that can be applied to any inventory. Think of it as a reusable layer.

Structure

name: "pattern_example"        # Unique name used to reference this pattern
size: 54                       # Inventory size (must be a multiple of 9)
# type: INVENTORY              # Optional - INVENTORY is the default
# enableMultiPage: false       # Set to true to allow pagination buttons to work
# matrix:                      # Optional slot matrix (same syntax as inventories)

items:
  example1:
    isPermanent: true
    item:
      material: IRON_INGOT
      name: "&fDecoration"
    slots:
      - 0
      - 8
      - 45
      - 53

Key	Required	Description
name	Yes	Unique identifier. Inventories reference this name.
size	No	Defaults to 54. Must be a multiple of 9.
type	No	INVENTORY (default) or BUTTON. If set to BUTTON the file is loaded as a button pattern instead.
enableMultiPage	No	When true, NEXT / PREVIOUS buttons inside this pattern will work with the inventory's pagination. Defaults to false.
matrix	No	Optional slot matrix, same format as in inventories.
items	Yes	The buttons to place. Same syntax as the items section in an inventory file.

Using in an Inventory

Reference one or more inventory patterns by name in the patterns list:

name: "&6Shop"
size: 54
patterns:
  - "pattern_example"
  - "pagination"

items:
  # your inventory-specific buttons ...

Patterns are applied in order - buttons from later patterns override earlier ones if they occupy the same slot.

Example: Decoration

File patterns/pattern_example.yml (shipped with zMenu):

name: "pattern_example"
size: 54
items:
  example1:
    isPermanent: true
    item:
      material: IRON_INGOT
      name: "&fExample of pattern"
    slots:
      - 0
      - 8
      - 45
      - 53

Usage in an inventory:

name: "&eExample"
size: 54
patterns:
  - "pattern_example"

items:
  # ...

Example: Navigation with Pagination

File patterns/pagination.yml:

name: "pagination"
size: 54
enableMultiPage: true
items:
  next:
    type: NEXT
    slot: 52
    is-permanent: true
    item:
      material: PAPER
      name: "&fNext Page"

  previous:
    type: PREVIOUS
    slot: 49
    is-permanent: true
    item:
      material: PAPER
      name: "&fPrevious Page"

The key here is enableMultiPage: true - without it, NEXT and PREVIOUS buttons from the pattern will not function.

---

Button Patterns

A button pattern is a template for a single button. The inventory that uses it passes variables (%key% placeholders) which are replaced before the button is loaded. This is the most powerful pattern type.

Structure

name: "pattern_cookies"       # Unique name
type: BUTTON                  # Must be BUTTON

button:                       # Everything under here becomes the button definition
  slot: '%slot%'
  item:
    material: '%material%'
    name: "&a%name%"
    lore:
      - "&7Click to buy"
  # click-requirement, actions, view_requirement, else ... all go here

Key	Required	Description
name	Yes	Unique identifier.
type	Yes	Must be BUTTON. If omitted the file is treated as an inventory pattern and button: is ignored.
button	Yes	The button definition. Supports every property a normal button supports (slot, item, actions, click-requirement, view_requirement, else, etc.).
default-values	No	Fallback values for variables (see below).
local-placeholders	No	Additional placeholders loaded from the pattern file (see below).

Using in an Inventory

Inside the items section of an inventory, add a pattern key to the button:

items:
  grandma:
    pattern:
      file-name: "pattern_cookies"   # The pattern's name
      slot: 20                       # Passed as %slot%
      material: CAKE                 # Passed as %material%
      name: "Grand Ma"              # Passed as %name%
      key: "grandma"                # Passed as %key%
      price: 10                      # Passed as %price%

Every key under pattern: (except file-name, plugin-name, and their aliases) becomes a variable. The plugin collects all keys, then replaces %key% placeholders in the pattern's button section before loading.

Variable Substitution

Any value wrapped in %...% inside the pattern file is replaced with the value provided by the inventory. For example, given:

Pattern file:

button:
  slot: '%slot%'
  item:
    material: '%material%'
    name: "&a%name%"

Inventory usage:

pattern:
  file-name: "my_pattern"
  slot: 13
  material: DIAMOND
  name: "Shiny"

Result: slot 13, material DIAMOND, name &aShiny.

Variable Modifiers

zMenu provides built-in modifiers that transform a variable's value. If a variable is named key, these modifiers are available:

Modifier	Syntax	Example (key = hello)	Result
Uppercase	%upper_key%	%upper_key%	HELLO
Lowercase	%lower_key%	%lower_key%	hello
Capitalize	%capitalize_key%	%capitalize_key%	Hello
Add one	%add_one_key%	%add_one_key% (key = 5)	6
Remove one	%remove_one_key%	%remove_one_key% (key = 5)	4

add_one and remove_one parse the value as an integer. If parsing fails, the placeholder is left unchanged.

These modifiers work on any variable - for example if the inventory passes level: 3, then %remove_one_level% resolves to 2.

Special Keys

These keys are not passed as variables - they control how the pattern is loaded:

Key	Aliases	Description
file-name	fileName, file	Name of the pattern file (without .yml)
plugin-name	pluginName, plugin	Load the pattern from another plugin's patterns/ folder

default-values

You can define fallback values directly in the pattern file. If the inventory does not provide a variable, the default is used instead:

name: "my_template"
type: BUTTON

default-values:
  material: STONE
  name: "Default Name"
  slot: 0

button:
  slot: '%slot%'
  item:
    material: '%material%'
    name: "%name%"

If the inventory only provides slot: 5, the button will use material STONE and name Default Name.

Priority: Inventory values take precedence over default values.

local-placeholders

Additional placeholders can be defined in the pattern file under local-placeholders. These are loaded after inventory values and default values, so they have the lowest priority among pattern-defined values:

name: "my_template"
type: BUTTON

local-placeholders:
  prefix: "&7[Shop] "

button:
  item:
    name: "%prefix%%name%"

List Variables

When a variable's value is a YAML list, zMenu expands each entry into a separate line in contexts like lore. This is useful for dynamic reward descriptions:

Inventory:

items:
  reward:
    pattern:
      fileName: "playtime_reward"
      rewards:
        - '&f50$'
        - '&fx4 Iron Ingots'
      commands:
        - 'eco give %player% 50'
        - 'give %player% iron_ingot 4'

Pattern file (lore section):

lore:
  - '&eRewards:'
  - '%rewards%'
  - ''

Result: The %rewards% line is expanded into two lines (&f50$ and &fx4 Iron Ingots), so the lore shows:

&eRewards:
&f50$
&fx4 Iron Ingots

The same expansion applies to commands lists used in actions - a %commands% placeholder in a console_command action's commands list will expand into multiple commands.

view-requirement and else at Item Level

You can add view-requirement and else from the inventory side, outside the pattern's button section. These are loaded separately and applied on top of the pattern button:

items:
  my_button:
    pattern:
      file-name: "my_template"
      slot: 10
      name: "VIP Item"
    view-requirement:
      requirements:
        - type: permission
          permission: "vip.access"
    else:
      item:
        material: BARRIER
        name: "&cVIP Only"

This lets you reuse the same pattern but add different visibility conditions per inventory without modifying the pattern file.

Note: The pattern file itself can also contain view-requirement and else inside its button section - both sources are supported.

Example: Cookie Clicker

Pattern file patterns/pattern_cookies.yml:

name: "pattern_cookies"
type: BUTTON

button:
  click-requirement:
    purchase:
      clicks:
        - ALL
      requirements:
        - type: placeholder
          math: true
          placeholder: "%zmenu_player_value_cookie%"
          value: "%price%+(%price%*%zmenu_player_value_%key%%*1.15)"
          action: SUPERIOR_OR_EQUAL
      success:
        - type: data
          action: SUBTRACT
          key: 'cookie'
          value: '%price%+(%price%*%zmenu_player_value_%key%%*1.15)'
          math: true
        - type: data
          action: ADD
          key: '%key%'
          value: '1'
        - type: inventory
          inventory: 'cookies'
      deny:
        - type: message
          messages:
            - "&cYou don't have enough cookies"

  slot: '%slot%'

  item:
    material: '%material%'
    name: "&a%name% #353535(&7%zmenu_player_value_%key%%#353535)"
    lore:
      - ""
      - "&fPrice&8: &b%zmenu_formatted_math_%price%+(%price%*{zmenu_player_value_%key%}*1.15)% cookies"
      - ""
      - "&aClick to buy"

Inventory file inventories/examples/cookies.yml:

name: "&8Cookies"
size: 36
items:
  cookie:
    slot: 13
    item:
      material: COOKIE
      name: "#77ff77Cookies#353535: &f%zmenu_player_value_cookie%"
      lore:
        - ""
        - "&fCookie per click&8: &b%zmenu_formatted_math_1+({zmenu_player_value_grandma}*2)+({zmenu_player_value_factory}*5)+({zmenu_player_value_mine}*10)%"
        - ""
        - "&7Click on me !"
    actions:
      - type: data
        action: ADD
        key: 'cookie'
        value: '1+(%zmenu_player_value_grandma%*2)+(%zmenu_player_value_factory%*5)+(%zmenu_player_value_mine%*10)'
        math: true
      - type: refresh

  grandma:
    pattern:
      file-name: "pattern_cookies"
      plugin-name: "zMenu"
      slot: 20
      material: CAKE
      name: "Grand Ma"
      key: "grandma"
      price: 10

  factory:
    pattern:
      file-name: "pattern_cookies"
      plugin-name: "zMenu"
      slot: 22
      material: WHEAT
      name: "Factory"
      key: "factory"
      price: 20

  mine:
    pattern:
      file-name: "pattern_cookies"
      plugin-name: "zMenu"
      slot: 24
      material: IRON_PICKAXE
      name: "Mine"
      key: "mine"
      price: 50

The same pattern_cookies template is reused three times with different variables, creating three upgrade buttons from a single pattern.

Example: Playtime Rewards

This example shows nested else chains and the %remove_one_level% modifier. The pattern displays a different item depending on the player's state (already claimed, not enough playtime, must claim previous level, or ready to claim).

Pattern file patterns/playtime_reward.yml (simplified):

name: "playtime_reward"
type: BUTTON
button:
  updateOnClick: true
  page: '%page%'
  slot: '%slot%'

  # State 1: Already claimed (level >= current)
  view-requirement:
    requirements:
      - type: placeholder
        placeholder: "%zmenu_player_value_playtime_level%"
        value: '%level%'
        action: SUPERIOR_OR_EQUAL
  item:
    url: '%head%'
    name: '%color%Level %level%'
    lore:
      - '%rewards%'          # List variable - expands into multiple lines
      - '&cAlready claimed'

  else:
    # State 2: Not enough playtime
    view-requirement:
      requirements:
        - type: placeholder
          placeholder: "%zmenu_statistic_hours_played%"
          value: '%hour%'
          action: LOWER
    item:
      url: '%head%'
      name: '%color%Level %level%'
      lore:
        - '%rewards%'
        - '&cNot enough play time'

    else:
      # State 3: Must claim previous level first
      view-requirement:
        requirements:
          - type: placeholder
            placeholder: "%zmenu_player_value_playtime_level%"
            value: '%remove_one_level%'    # level minus 1
            action: LOWER
      item:
        url: '%head%'
        name: '%color%Level %level%'
        lore:
          - '%rewards%'
          - '&cClaim the previous reward first'

      else:
        # State 4: Ready to claim
        click-requirement:
          right_click:
            clicks:
              - ALL
            requirements:
              - type: placeholder
                placeholder: "%zmenu_player_value_playtime_level%"
                value: '%remove_one_level%'
                action: EQUAL_TO
              - type: placeholder
                placeholder: "%zmenu_statistic_hours_played%"
                value: '%hour%'
                action: SUPERIOR_OR_EQUAL
            success:
              - type: data
                action: SET
                key: 'playtime_level'
                value: '%level%'
              - type: console_command
                commands:
                  - '%commands%'       # List variable - expands into multiple commands
              - type: sound
                sound: ENTITY_PLAYER_LEVELUP
        item:
          url: '%head%'
          name: '%color%Level %level%'
          lore:
            - '%rewards%'
            - '&aClick to claim'

Inventory usage (one button shown):

items:
  btn-10:
    pattern:
      fileName: "playtime_reward"
      slot: 10
      level: 1
      hour: 1
      color: "#7f7f7f"
      head: "eyJ0ZXh0dXJlcyI6..."
      rewards:
        - '&f50$'
        - '&fx4 Iron Ingots'
      commands:
        - 'eco give %player% 50'
        - 'give %player% iron_ingot 4'

Key points:

• %remove_one_level% uses the remove_one modifier on the level variable - if level is 3, this becomes 2
• %rewards% is a list variable - it expands into two lore lines
• %commands% is a list variable - it expands into two console commands
• The nested else chain creates a state machine with four visual states

---

Action Patterns

Action patterns define default actions that apply to every button in an inventory (unless a button defines its own actions).

Structure

name: default-actions
actions:
  - type: sound
    sound: ENTITY_VILLAGER_YES

deny-actions:
  - type: sound
    sound: ENTITY_VILLAGER_NO

Key	Description
name	Unique identifier for this action pattern
actions	Actions executed when a button click succeeds
deny-actions	Actions executed when a requirement denies a click

Using in an Inventory

Reference action patterns by name in the action-patterns list:

name: "&6Shop"
size: 54
action-patterns:
  - "default-actions"

items:
  # ...

warning

Like patterns, the action-patterns list only accepts strings. Objects are not supported.

Example

File actions_patterns/default-actions.yml (shipped with zMenu):

name: default-actions
actions:
  - type: sound
    sound: ENTITY_VILLAGER_YES
deny-actions:
  - type: sound
    sound: ENTITY_VILLAGER_NO

With this pattern applied, every button in the inventory will play ENTITY_VILLAGER_YES on a successful click and ENTITY_VILLAGER_NO on a denied click, unless the button overrides these actions.

---

Variable Resolution Order

When using button patterns, variables are resolved in this order (highest priority first):

1. Inventory values - keys defined under pattern: in the inventory file
2. default-values - fallback values defined in the pattern file
3. Global placeholders - plugin-wide placeholders registered via the API
4. local-placeholders - extra placeholders defined in the pattern file

If the same key exists at multiple levels, the highest-priority source wins.

---

Cross-Plugin Patterns

To load a pattern from another plugin's patterns/ folder, use plugin-name:

items:
  my_button:
    pattern:
      file-name: "shared_template"
      plugin-name: "OtherPlugin"
      slot: 13

This looks for the file plugins/OtherPlugin/patterns/shared_template.yml.

Accepted aliases: plugin-name, pluginName, plugin.

---

Reloading

/zm reload

All patterns (inventory, button, and action) are reloaded when the plugin restarts or when you run the reload command.

---

Common Mistakes

Objects in the patterns list

# WRONG - will be silently ignored
patterns:
  - pattern:
      file-name: "my_decoration"

# CORRECT
patterns:
  - "my_decoration"

The patterns list uses getStringList() internally and only accepts strings. To use a button pattern with variables, place the pattern: key inside the items section on a specific button - not in the top-level patterns list.

Forgetting type: BUTTON

# WRONG - treated as an inventory pattern, "button:" section is ignored
name: "my_template"
button:
  slot: '%slot%'
  item:
    material: DIAMOND

# CORRECT
name: "my_template"
type: BUTTON
button:
  slot: '%slot%'
  item:
    material: DIAMOND

Without type: BUTTON, the file is loaded as an inventory pattern. Since it has no items section, it will fail to load.

Confusing inventory patterns and button patterns

• Inventory patterns are referenced in the top-level patterns: ["name"] list. They define a set of buttons. They do not support variable substitution.
• Button patterns are referenced via pattern: inside a single item definition. They define one button with %variable% placeholders.

Expecting variables in inventory patterns

Inventory patterns do not perform variable substitution. If you need %placeholders%, use a button pattern (type: BUTTON) instead.